{
  "gender" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gender#male",
    "label" : "Männlich"
  } ],
  "dateOfDeath" : [ "0079" ],
  "familialRelationship" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118595091",
    "label" : "Plinius Caecilius Secundus, Gaius"
  } ],
  "type" : [ "Person", "AuthorityResource", "DifferentiatedPerson" ],
  "gndSubjectCategory" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#16.1p",
    "label" : "Personen der Geschichtswissenschaft (Historiker, Archäologen)"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#18p",
    "label" : "Personen zu Natur, Naturwissenschaften allgemein"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#12.2p",
    "label" : "Personen zu Literaturgeschichte (Schriftsteller)"
  } ],
  "oldAuthorityNumber" : [ "(DE-588a)185888186", "(DE-588a)159155010", "(DE-588a)118595083", "(DE-588a)128288434", "(DE-588a)127909060", "(DE-588)1089835604", "(DE-588)159155010", "(DE-588a)11979067X", "(DE-588a)127909079", "(DE-588)185888186", "(DE-588)1089929161", "(DE-588a)131095323" ],
  "geographicAreaCode" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XT",
    "label" : "Römisches Reich"
  } ],
  "publication" : [ "Plinius Secundus, Gaius: Naturalis hystoriae libri XXXVII", "Aesopus: Fabulae.  1553.  (VD16 A 508)", "Librorum dubii sermonis VIII", "Plinius Secundus, Caius: C.PLINII SECVNDI NATVralis historiae opus, ab innumeris mendis à D.Iohãne Caesario ...  1524.  (VD16 P 3532)", "Aesopus: Aesopi vita.  1519.  (VD16 ZV 126)", "Plinius Secundus, Gaius: C. Plinii Sec. Veronens ad Titum Vespasianum in libros natural*", "Aesopus: Fabulae.  1545.  (VD16 A 499)", "Plinius Secundus, Gaius: Historiae naturalis libri XXXVII", "Plinius Secundus, Gaius: In libros naturalis historiae Epistola", "Plinius Secundus, Gaius: Historia naturalis", "Aesopus: FABVLARVM QVAE hoc libro continentur interpretes at\\[qua...] authores.Sunt hi Guilielmus ...  1515.  (VD16 A 449)", "Aesopus: Fabulae.  1525.  (VD16 ZV 116)", "Plinius Secundus, Caius: Naturalis historia.  1550.  (VD16 P 3544)", "Plinius Secundus, Caius: In hoc libello \\[con]tẽta C.Plinij Secũdi prefatiões due: Altera ad Titum suñ Vespasianũ: ...  1510.  (VD16 P 3558)", "Aesopus: Fabulae.  1568.  (VD16 A 522)", "Plinius Secundus, Gaius: Naturalis historiae libri XXXVII", "Aesopus: Fabulae.  1559.  (VD16 ZV 130)" ],
  "describedBy" : {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118595083/about",
    "maintainer" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101"
    },
    "dctCreator" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-101"
    },
    "license" : {
      "id" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
      "label" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"
    },
    "dateModified" : "2025-05-09T18:51:46.000",
    "descriptionLevel" : {
      "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/description-level#1",
      "label" : "Katalogisierungslevel 1"
    }
  },
  "gndIdentifier" : "118595083",
  "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118595083",
  "preferredName" : "Plinius Secundus, Gaius",
  "wikipedia" : [ {
    "id" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plinius_der_%C3%84ltere",
    "label" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plinius_der_%C3%84ltere"
  } ],
  "preferredNameEntityForThePerson" : {
    "forename" : [ "Gaius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  },
  "depiction" : [ {
    "id" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grande%20Illustrazione%20del%20Lombardo%20Veneto%20Vol%203%20Plinio%20Secondo%20300dpi.jpg",
    "url" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grande%20Illustrazione%20del%20Lombardo%20Veneto%20Vol%203%20Plinio%20Secondo%20300dpi.jpg?uselang=de",
    "thumbnail" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grande%20Illustrazione%20del%20Lombardo%20Veneto%20Vol%203%20Plinio%20Secondo%20300dpi.jpg?width=270",
    "publisher" : "Wikimedia Commons",
    "creatorName" : [ "Geoffrey" ],
    "creditText" : [ "Cesare Cantù, Grande Illustrazione del Lombardo Veneto ossia storia delle città, dei borghi etc., Milano 1859, Vol. III" ],
    "copyrighted" : false,
    "license" : [ {
      "id" : "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/",
      "attributionRequired" : false,
      "name" : "Public Domain",
      "abbr" : "PD"
    } ]
  } ],
  "professionOrOccupation" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4025098-2",
    "label" : "Historiker"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4043375-4",
    "label" : "Offizier"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4041423-1",
    "label" : "Naturwissenschaftler"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4053309-8",
    "label" : "Schriftsteller"
  } ],
  "placeOfBirth" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4085313-5",
    "label" : "Como"
  } ],
  "udkCode" : [ "1 - 100 n. Chr." ],
  "dateOfBirth" : [ "0023" ],
  "variantNameEntityForThePerson" : [ {
    "personalName" : [ "Pline l'Ancien" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Cayo" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinio Segundo" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "starší" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius Plinius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Rerum Naturalium Scriptor" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Gaius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Napoletano" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinio" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "il Vecchio" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinio" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Senioris" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius Secundius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "el Viejo" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinio" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gaio Secondo" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinio" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "lÁncien" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Pline" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Senior" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "d. Ä." ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Florentino-Pragensis" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "C." ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plynius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius P." ],
    "surname" : [ "Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gaius" ],
    "nameAddition" : [ "Maior" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Plynius Secundus Gaius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "the Elder" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Pliny" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gaio" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinio Secondo" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gajus" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Maior" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius Secundus" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Stariji" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinije" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Caius Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gaius P." ],
    "surname" : [ "Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Florentinus-Pragensis" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "der Ältere" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Major" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Plinije Stariji" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gaius" ],
    "nameAddition" : [ "der Ältere" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Maior" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Cajus" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Pline" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "l'Ancien" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Pline" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "der Ältere" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "C." ],
    "surname" : [ "Pline Second" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Plinij" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "C." ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Pline" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "The elder" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Pliny" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Pliny" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caio" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinio Secundo" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gaius Plinius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Plinio" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "C." ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus Maior" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius" ],
    "nameAddition" : [ "Major" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Gaius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plynius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "Major" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Caius Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "nameAddition" : [ "le Naturaliste" ],
    "personalName" : [ "Pline" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Caius" ],
    "surname" : [ "Plinius Secundus" ]
  }, {
    "personalName" : [ "Plinius" ]
  } ],
  "languageCode" : [ {
    "id" : "http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/lat",
    "label" : "http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/lat"
  } ],
  "@context" : "https://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld",
  "deprecatedUri" : [ "https://d-nb.info/gnd/159155010", "https://d-nb.info/gnd/1089835604", "https://d-nb.info/gnd/185888186", "https://d-nb.info/gnd/1089929161" ],
  "variantName" : [ "Pliny", "Pline, Caius", "Plinius, C.", "Plinio", "Plynius Secundus, Gaius", "Plinius Secundus, Gajus", "Plinius Secundus, der Ältere", "Plinius, Maior", "Plinio Secondo, Gaio", "Pliny, The elder", "Pline Second, C.", "Pline, l'Ancien", "Pline, le Naturaliste", "Plinius Secundus, Caius", "Plinius, der Ältere", "Plinius, Major", "Plinius Secundus, C.", "Plinius Secundus, Caius, Major", "Plinius, Florentino-Pragensis", "Pline, lÁncien", "Plinij", "Secundus, Caius P.", "Plinius, d. Ä.", "Plinius Secundus, Maior", "Pliny, the Elder", "Plinius, starší", "Secundus, Gaius Plinius", "Plinius Secundus, Gaius, Maior", "Plinius, Caius Secundus", "Plinius Secundus", "Plinius, Caius", "Secundus, Gaius P.", "Plinije, Stariji", "Plinio Secundo, Caio", "Plinio, el Viejo", "Secundus, Caius Plinius", "Plinius Secundus, Gaius, der Ältere", "Plinius", "Plinius, Florentinus-Pragensis", "Plinius Secundius, Senioris", "Plynius Secundus Gaius", "Plinije Stariji", "Plinio, Napoletano", "Plynius Secundus, Caius", "Plinio Segundo, Cayo", "Caius Plinius Secundus, Major", "Plinius, Senior", "Plinio, il Vecchio", "Gaius, Plinius Secundus", "Pline", "Pline l'Ancien", "Plinius, Rerum Naturalium Scriptor", "Plinius Secundus Maior, C.", "Caius Plinius Secundus", "Plinius Secundus, Cajus", "Plinio, Gaio Secondo" ],
  "acquaintanceshipOrFriendship" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/119694670",
    "label" : "Guilelmus Hermannus"
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Giovanni Battista" ],
    "surname" : [ "Spagnuoli" ]
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118668137",
    "label" : "Campanus, Johannes Antonius"
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Bruno" ],
    "surname" : [ "Seidel" ]
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118942719",
    "label" : "Maximus, Planudes"
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Adrien" ],
    "nameAddition" : [ "der Ältere" ],
    "surname" : [ "Turnèbe" ]
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118530666",
    "label" : "Erasmus, Desiderius"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118772783",
    "label" : "Ziegler, Jakob"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/129548995",
    "label" : "Schönborn, Bartholomaeus"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118683527",
    "label" : "Feyerabend, Sigmund"
  } ],
  "sameAs" : [ {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "BNF",
      "name" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "publisher" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "icon" : "https://www.bnf.fr/themes/custom/bnfsi/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19938912"
    },
    "id" : "http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11887294r"
  }, {
    "id" : "http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n79042075",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13219454",
      "abbr" : "LC",
      "publisher" : "Library of Congress",
      "icon" : "http://www.loc.gov/favicon.ico",
      "name" : "NACO Authority File"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/100219162",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54919",
      "abbr" : "VIAF",
      "publisher" : "OCLC",
      "icon" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/images/viaf.ico",
      "name" : "Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "CH_HLS",
      "name" : "Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS)",
      "publisher" : "Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS)",
      "icon" : "https://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q642074"
    },
    "id" : "http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D10308.php"
  }, {
    "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q82778",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2013",
      "abbr" : "WIKIDATA",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://www.wikidata.org/static/favicon/wikidata.ico",
      "name" : "Wikidata"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/1089835604",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/1089929161",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/Frontend/DNBWeb/Images/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=4",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578"
    },
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/118595083/about"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/159155010",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/185888186",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "https://dbpedia.org/resource/Pliny_the_Elder",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "https://dbpedia.org"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "dewiki",
      "name" : "Wikipedia (Deutsch)",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48183"
    },
    "id" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plinius_der_%C3%84ltere"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "WIKISOURCE",
      "name" : "Wikisource",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://wikisource.org/static/favicon/wikisource.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q263"
    },
    "id" : "https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Plinius_der_%C3%84ltere"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "enwiki",
      "name" : "Wikipedia (English)",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q328"
    },
    "id" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://isni.org/isni/0000000123213947",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "https://isni.org"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DE-611",
      "name" : "Kalliope Verbundkatalog",
      "publisher" : "Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz",
      "icon" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info/img/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info"
    },
    "id" : "https://kalliope-verbund.info/gnd/118595083"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "ARCHIV-D",
      "name" : "Archivportal-D",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.archivportal-d.de/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "https://www.archivportal-d.de"
    },
    "id" : "https://www.archivportal-d.de/person/gnd/118595083"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DDB",
      "name" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q621630"
    },
    "id" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118595083"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "Portraitindex",
      "name" : "Digitaler Portraitindex der druckgraphischen Bildnisse der Frühen Neuzeit",
      "publisher" : "Deutsches Dokumentationszentrum für Kunstgeschichte - Bildarchiv Foto Marburg",
      "icon" : "https://www.portraitindex.de/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "https://www.portraitindex.de"
    },
    "id" : "https://www.portraitindex.de/dokumente/pnd/118595083"
  } ]
}