{
  "gender" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gender#male",
    "label" : "Männlich"
  } ],
  "dateOfDeath" : [ "1983-08-28" ],
  "placeOfDeath" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4086561-7",
    "label" : "Fuenterrabía"
  } ],
  "type" : [ "DifferentiatedPerson", "Person", "AuthorityResource" ],
  "gndSubjectCategory" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#12.2p",
    "label" : "Personen zu Literaturgeschichte (Schriftsteller)"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/gnd-sc#12.1p",
    "label" : "Personen zu Literaturwissenschaft (Literaturwissenschaftler)"
  } ],
  "oldAuthorityNumber" : [ "(DE-588c)4241520-2", "(DE-588a)11893242X", "(DE-588)171973542", "(DE-588a)171973542" ],
  "geographicAreaCode" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-ES",
    "label" : "Spanien"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/geographic-area-code#XA-FR",
    "label" : "Frankreich"
  } ],
  "biographicalOrHistoricalInformation" : [ "Studium Rechtswissenschaften; Leiter und Gründer der Zeitschrift \"Cruz y raya\"; lebte 1939-1959 und 1964-1970 im Exil in Südamerika und Frankreich" ],
  "academicDegree" : [ "Prof." ],
  "publication" : [ "Melusina y el espejo o una mujer con tres almas y porqué tiene cuernos el diablo", "Espionnage en Espagne", "El epistolario : (1924-1935)", "Rodríguez Lozano", "Velado desvelo : 1973-1977", "Esperando la mano de nieve : (1978-1981)", "España, cuestión personal", "El aviso de escarmentados del año que acaba y escarmiento de avisados para el que empieza de 1935. - [Repr.]", "El pasajero", "Le puits de l'angoisse", "El pensamiento perdido", "Los filólogos : comedia", "El clavo ardiendo", "Text zu: Gustavo Alatriste presenta el angel exterminador de Buñual : DVD", "Mitverf. von: Alberti, Rafael: Correspondencia en verso", "El pozo de la Angustia", "La música callada del toreo", "Beitr. zu: Picasso laureatus", "Homenaje a José Bergamín", "Apartada orilla", "España en su laberinto teatral del siglo XVII", "La voz apagada : dante dantesco y otros ensayos", "Del otoño y los mirlos", "Antología", "Teatro de vanguardia", "Beauténébreux", "Die drei Lügen des Faschismus", "Beltenebros y otros ensayos sobre literatura española", "Antes de ayer y pasado mañana", "Signo y diseño de Cruz y raya (1933-36)", "Duendecitos y coplas", "Don Lindo de Almería : (1926)", "Cristal del tiempo", "La claridad desierta", "El arte de birlibirloque", "Al toro", "Crónica del exilio de Bergamín en Uruguay", "Dolor y claridad de España", "Medea, la encantadora", "Razón del tiempo", "La claridad del toreo", "Calderón y cierra España y otros ensayos disparatados", "Ewiges Spanien", "Caractères", "La importancia del demonio y otras cosas sin importancia", "Antología periodística", "La estatua de Don Tancredo", "La hija de Dios y la niña guerrillera", "Ilustración y defensa del Toreo", "Resultado de una convocatoria", "Poesías casi completas", "Fronteras infernales de la poesía", "Lázaro, Don Juan y Segismundo", "La decadencia del analfabetismo", "Tres escenas en ángulo recto", "Disparadero español", "José Bergamín", "Antología poética", "Cruz y raya : antología", "Unamuno", "La cabeza a pájaros", "Enemigo que huye", "Jouet des dieux", "Malraux, celui qui vient : entretiens", "Las ideas liebres", "La solitude sonore du toreo", "Homenaje a Alfonso Reyes, maestro en letras humanas y divinas", "Obra esencial", "La corteza de la letra", "Por debajo del sueño : antologia poética", "Desde la intimidad de Litoral a José Bergamín", "El cohete y la estrella", "Escritos en Euskal Herria", "Rimas y sonetos rezagados", "Retrospectiva crítica en torno a Silvestre Revueltas : por encima de la música", "Al volver", "Le clou brûlant", "Aforismos de la cabeza parlante", "Mangas y capirotes", "Al fin y al cabo : (prosas)", "De una España peregrina", "Prólogos epilogales", "La risa en los huesos" ],
  "describedBy" : {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/11893242X/about",
    "maintainer" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-12",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-12"
    },
    "dctCreator" : {
      "id" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-12",
      "label" : "https://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/organisations/DE-12"
    },
    "license" : {
      "id" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
      "label" : "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"
    },
    "dateModified" : "2026-06-19T22:37:09.000",
    "descriptionLevel" : {
      "id" : "https://d-nb.info/standards/vocab/gnd/description-level#1",
      "label" : "Katalogisierungslevel 1"
    }
  },
  "gndIdentifier" : "11893242X",
  "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/11893242X",
  "preferredName" : "Bergamín, José",
  "wikipedia" : [ {
    "id" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bergam%C3%ADn",
    "label" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bergam%C3%ADn"
  } ],
  "preferredNameEntityForThePerson" : {
    "forename" : [ "José" ],
    "surname" : [ "Bergamín" ]
  },
  "depiction" : [ {
    "id" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JOSE%20BERGAMIN%201895%20ESPA%C3%91OL%2C%20ENSAYISTA%20Y%20DRAMATURGO%20%2813451169105%29.jpg",
    "url" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JOSE%20BERGAMIN%201895%20ESPA%C3%91OL%2C%20ENSAYISTA%20Y%20DRAMATURGO%20%2813451169105%29.jpg?uselang=de",
    "thumbnail" : "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JOSE%20BERGAMIN%201895%20ESPA%C3%91OL%2C%20ENSAYISTA%20Y%20DRAMATURGO%20%2813451169105%29.jpg?width=270",
    "publisher" : "Wikimedia Commons",
    "creatorName" : [ "sinaloaarchivohistorico" ],
    "creditText" : [ "https://www.flickr.com/photos/99115493@N08/13451169105/" ],
    "copyrighted" : true,
    "license" : [ {
      "id" : "https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/urhg/",
      "attributionRequired" : true,
      "name" : "Urheberrechtlich geschützt",
      "abbr" : null
    } ]
  } ],
  "professionOrOccupation" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4053309-8",
    "label" : "Schriftsteller"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4167874-6",
    "label" : "Literaturkritiker"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4464763-3",
    "label" : "Essayist"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4168391-2",
    "label" : "Lyriker"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4140241-8",
    "label" : "Dramatiker"
  } ],
  "placeOfBirth" : [ {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/4036862-2",
    "label" : "Madrid"
  } ],
  "dateOfBirth" : [ "1895-12-30" ],
  "variantNameEntityForThePerson" : [ {
    "forename" : [ "José Bergamín" ],
    "surname" : [ "Gutiérrez" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "Jose" ],
    "surname" : [ "Bergamin" ]
  }, {
    "forename" : [ "José" ],
    "surname" : [ "Bergamín Gutiérrez" ]
  } ],
  "languageCode" : [ {
    "id" : "http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/spa",
    "label" : "http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/spa"
  } ],
  "@context" : "https://lobid.org/gnd/context.jsonld",
  "deprecatedUri" : [ "https://d-nb.info/gnd/171973542" ],
  "variantName" : [ "Gutiérrez, José Bergamín", "Bergamin, Jose", "Bergamín Gutiérrez, José" ],
  "sameAs" : [ {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "BNF",
      "name" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "publisher" : "Bibliothèque nationale de France",
      "icon" : "https://www.bnf.fr/themes/custom/bnfsi/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19938912"
    },
    "id" : "http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11885745f"
  }, {
    "id" : "http://id.loc.gov/rwo/agents/n79021818",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q13219454",
      "abbr" : "LC",
      "publisher" : "Library of Congress",
      "icon" : "http://www.loc.gov/favicon.ico",
      "name" : "NACO Authority File"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/109502857",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q54919",
      "abbr" : "VIAF",
      "publisher" : "OCLC",
      "icon" : "http://viaf.org/viaf/images/viaf.ico",
      "name" : "Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)"
    }
  }, {
    "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q332850",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2013",
      "abbr" : "WIKIDATA",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://www.wikidata.org/static/favicon/wikidata.ico",
      "name" : "Wikidata"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/Frontend/DNBWeb/Images/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=4",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578"
    },
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/11893242X/about"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://d-nb.info/gnd/171973542",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q36578",
      "abbr" : "DNB",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Nationalbibliothek",
      "icon" : "http://www.dnb.de/SiteGlobals/StyleBundles/Bilder/favicon.png?__blob=normal&v=1",
      "name" : "Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "dewiki",
      "name" : "Wikipedia (Deutsch)",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48183"
    },
    "id" : "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bergam%C3%ADn"
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "enwiki",
      "name" : "Wikipedia (English)",
      "publisher" : "Wikimedia Foundation Inc.",
      "icon" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q328"
    },
    "id" : "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bergam%C3%ADn"
  }, {
    "id" : "https://isni.org/isni/0000000110324832",
    "collection" : {
      "id" : "https://isni.org"
    }
  }, {
    "collection" : {
      "abbr" : "DDB",
      "name" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "publisher" : "Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek",
      "icon" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/favicon.ico",
      "id" : "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q621630"
    },
    "id" : "https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11893242X"
  } ]
}